A proposal of operation of Saussure's linguistic principles in gender studies

Abstract

This paper proposes a model for gender studies based on F. de Saussure’s linguistic principles. It is assumed that the relations Saussure established between the language (langue) system and other semiological systems, as the gender one, authorize the projection of principles from the former system to the latter. The model concentrates on concepts of language (langue) and speech, signified and signifier, arbitrary and relatively motivated signs, and value. The work seeks to show that the notion of language as a system of relations – of signs as something motivated and of value as constituent of identity – is aligned with the conception of gender as a construction and as a discourse. This approach refuses the idea of a natural origin of gender rules and classifications, as well as Saussure rejects the same for language. In order to deal with the rules that organize gender relations, the concepts of normative grammar and descriptive grammar of the language are projected into it. While the first one determines and imposes relations and identities on the basis of a compulsory heterosexual matrix, the second can fulfill the role of unveiling what actually emerges from the system. In this sense, the research aims to show that the model can be productive to contemplate gender-divergent identities in cases where it is preferable to avoid approaching the denominations and classifications of these identities. It is also suggested that the model may be especially useful for the adoption of a gender bias in scientific research, since its linguistic base facilitates transversality in different areas.

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DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.22409/gragoata.2017n44a1018