Structural transformation and industrial policy: a conceptual framework of the systemic, structural and targeting industrial policy applied to the Greater Brazil Plan

Abstract

This paper seeks to bring industrial policy back to the center of the debate on national economic development strategies by recovering a conceptual framework of systemic, structural, and targeting industrial policy rooted in neo-Schumpeterian and Latin American structuralist approaches. This framework not only recognizes innovation as the engine of structural transformation, but also emphasizes the systemic and interactive nature of innovation and the centrality of direct and selective state intervention. To make this analytical framework more concrete, the article applies it to the Greater Brazil Plan (PBM), treated here as a relevant experience of explicit industrial policy in Brazil.