AVALIAÇÃO DA EFETIVIDADE DE ÁREAS PROTEGIDAS: CONCEITOS, MÉTODOS E DESAFIOS
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.22409/GEOgraphia2019.v21i46.a14396Keywords:
Áreas Protegidas, Efetividade, Planejamento e GestãoAbstract
Resumo: A criação das áreas protegidas é considerada como a principal estratégia para preservação e conservação do patrimônio natural e cultural do planeta (Diegues, 2000). Entretanto, Hockings et al. (2006) afirmam que, para alcançar tais objetivos, faz-se necessário efetivar e avançar com o gerenciamento e a administração dessas áreas protegidas. Nesse cenário surgem metodologias e procedimentos técnicos que visam subsidiar o planejamento e a tomada de decisão, ganhando cada vez mais espaço na implementação e na efetivação de políticas públicas, relacionadas à temática socioeconômica e ambiental. Desse modo, o presente estudo analisa as complexidades e os desafios de se implementar áreas protegidas, bem como se busca debater sobre as principais formas e definições conceituais da efetividade das APs e diferentes abordagens sobre a temática. Visa-se dessa forma avançar nas discussões metodológicas de avaliação do nível de efetividade e vulnerabilidade socioambiental desses territórios protegidos, de modo que seja possível analisar a inter-relação das variáveis de forma agregada e transversal.
Palavras-chave: Áreas protegidas. Efetividade. Planejamento e gestão.
EVALUATION OF THE EFFECTIVENESS OF PROTECTED AREAS: CONCEPTS, METHODS AND CHALLENGES
Abstract: The creation of protected areas is considered as the main strategy for preservation and conservation of the natural and cultural heritage of the planet (Diegues, 2000). However, Hockings et al. (2006) state that in order to achieve these objectives, it is necessary to carry out and advance the management and administration of these protected areas. In this scenario, there are technical methodologies and procedures that aim to subsidize planning and decision making, gaining more and more space in the implementation and implementation of public policies related to socioeconomic and environmental issues. Thus, the present study analyzes the complexities and challenges of implementing protected areas, as well as discusses the main forms and conceptual definitions of the effectiveness of PAs and different approaches on the theme. It is intended to advance in the methodological discussions to assess the level of effectiveness and social and environmental vulnerability of these protected territories, so that it is possible to analyze the interrelationship of variables in an aggregated and transversal way.
Keywords: Protected areas. Effectiveness. Planning and management.
ÉVALUATION DE L’EFFICACITÉ DES AIRES PROTÉGÉES: CONCEPTS, METHODES ET DÉFIS
Reseumé: La création d’aires protégées est considérée comme la principale stratégie de préservation et de conservation du patrimoine naturel et culturel de la planète (Diegues, 2000). Cependant, Hockings et al. (2006) indiquent que pour atteindre ces objectifs, il est nécessaire de mener à bien la gestion et l’administration de ces aires protégées. Dans ce scénario, des méthodologies et des procédures techniques visent à subventionner la planification et la prise de décision, en donnant de plus en plus de place à la mise en œuvre et à la mise en œuvre des politiques publiques relatives aux questions socioéconomiques et environnementales. Ainsi, la présente étude analyse les complexités et les défis de la mise en œuvre des aires protégées, ainsi que les principales formes et définitions conceptuelles de l’efficacité des AP et les différentes approches sur le thème. Il est prévu d’avancer dans les discussions méthodologiques pour évaluer le niveau d’efficacité et la vulnérabilité sociale et environnementale de ces territoires protégés, afin qu’il soit possible d’analyser la corrélation des variables de manière agrégée et transversale.
Mots-clés: Aires protégées. L’efficacité. Planification et gestion.
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