Pesquisa-Ação Participativa em Estudos Críticos de Dados: Analisando IA a partir de uma Abordagem Sul-Norte

Autores

  • Andrea Medrado University of Exeter, Reino Unido
  • Pieter Verdegem University of Westminster

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.22409/rmc.v18i2.63054

Palavras-chave:

IA, Estudos de Dados Críticos, Justiça de Dados, Sul-Norte, Autonomia

Resumo

Inspirados na pesquisa-ação participativa (PAP) e no trabalho de pensadores latino-americanos como Freire e Fals Borda, propomos um fluxo Sul-Norte visando desafiar a forma como a centralidade do Norte é tida como certa em relação às epistemologias, experiências e entendimentos da IA. A partir de oficinas realizadas com um grupo diversificado de estudantes, profissionais da área de tecnologia e ativistas argumentamos que a PAP pode não apenas capacitar comunidades marginalizadas no Sul Global, é importante aprendermos mais sobre sua relevância e utilizações em contextos do Norte Global. Nossa análise se aprofunda em três conceitos específicos em torno da IA e da (in)justiça de dados: autonomia, empatia e diálogo, o que provocou, entre outras reflexões, lembrar que a natureza humana é sentipensante (Borda, 2003).

Downloads

Não há dados estatísticos.

Biografia do Autor

Andrea Medrado, University of Exeter, Reino Unido

Doutora em Comunicação Social, Professora Departamento de Comunicação Drama e Filme (Department of Communication Drama and Film), Universidade de Exeter, Reino Unido. É co-vice-presidente da Associação Internacional de Pesquisa em Mídia e Comunicação, IAMCR. 

Pieter Verdegem, University of Westminster

Professor da University of Westminster: London, GB.

Referências

AGUILAR GIL, Yasnaya. Elena. A modest proposal to save the world. The Rest of World, 2020. Disponível em https://restofworld.org/2020/saving-the-world-through-tequiology. Acesso em 25 maio 2024.

AOURAGH, M.; CHAKRAVARTTY, P. Infrastructures of empire: Towards a critical geopolitics of media and information studies. Media, Culture & Society, v. 38, n. 4, p. 559-575, 2016.

BIRHANE, A. et al. Power to the people? Opportunities and challenges for participatory AI. 2022. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1145/3551624.3555290.

BREVINI, B. Is AI good for the planet? Cambridge: Polity, 2022.

BROUSSARD, M. Artificial unintelligence: How computers misunderstand the world. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press, 2018.

BONDI, E.; XU, L.; ACOSTA-NAVAS, D.; KILLIAN, J. Envisioning communities: A participatory approach towards AI for social good. In: Proceedings of the 2021 AAAI/ACM Conference on AI, Ethics, and Society (AIES '21), May 19-21, 2021, Virtual Event, USA. ACM, New York, NY, USA, 12 pages. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1145/3461702.3462612. Acesso em 25 maio 2024.

CHOULIARAKI, L. The ironic spectator: Solidarity in the age of post-humanitarianism. Cambridge/Malden: Polity Press, 2013.

COULDRY, N.; MEJIAS, U. Data colonialism: Rethinking big data’s relation to the contemporary subject. Television & New Media, v. 20, n. 4, p. 336-349, 2019.

ESCOBAR, A. Designs for the pluriverse: Radical interdependence, autonomy and the making of worlds. Durham; London: Duke University Press, 2018.

FALS BORDA, O. The application of participatory action-research in Latin America. International Sociology, v. 2, n. 4, p. 329-347, 1987.

FALS BORDA, O. Ante la crisis del país: Ideas acción para el cambio. 1ª ed. Bogotá: Panamericana, 2003.

FLORIDI, L.; COWLS, J.; BELTRAMETTI, M. et al. AI4People – An ethical framework for a good AI society: Opportunities, risks, principles, and recommendations. Mind and Machines, v. 28, p. 689-707, 2018.

FREIRE, P. Pedagogy of the oppressed (Pedagogia do oprimido). New York: Continuum, 1972.

FREIRE, P.; MACEDO, D. A dialogue: Culture, language, and race. Harvard Educational Review, v. 65, n. 3, p. 379-390, 1995.

GLASSMAN, M.; ERDEM, G. Participatory action research and its meanings: Vivencia, praxis, conscientization. Adult Education Quarterly, v. 64, n. 3, p. 206-221, 2014.

GURUMURTHY, A. Freirean ‘humility’ in the age of proliferating spectacle: A reflection. In: SUZINA, A. C.; TUFTE, T. (Eds.). Freire and the perseverance of hope. Amsterdam: Institute of Network Cultures, 2022. p. 65-70.

HARAWAY, D. Situated knowledges: The science question in feminism and the privilege of partial perspective. Feminist Studies, v. 14, n. 3, p. 575-599, 1988. DOI: doi.org/10.2307/3178066. Acesso em: 25 maio 2024.

HUANG, M.-H.; RUST, R.; MAKSIMOVIC, V. The feeling economy: Managing in the next generation of artificial intelligence (AI). California Management Review, v. 61, n. 4, p. 43-65, 2019.

JOBIN, A.; IENCA, M.; VAYENA, E. The global landscape of AI ethics guidelines. Nature Machine Intelligence, v. 1, p. 389-399, 2019.

KATZ, Y. Artificial whiteness: Politics and ideology in artificial intelligence. New York: Columbia University Press, 2020.

KENNEDY, H. Living with data: Aligning data studies and data activism through a focus on everyday experiences of datafication. Krisis: Journal for Contemporary Philosophy, v. 1, p. 18-30, 2018.

KITCHIN, R.; LAURIAULT, T. Towards critical data studies: Charting and unpacking data assemblages and their work. In: THATCHER, J.; ECKERT, J.; SHEARS, A. (Eds.). Thinking big data in geography. New regimes, new research. Lincoln/London: University of Nebraska Press, 2014. p. 83-94.

LEHUEDÉ, S. The Double Helix of Data Extraction: Radicalising Reflexivity in Critical Data Studies. Technology and Regulation, v. 2024, p. 84–92, 2024. DOI: 10.26116/techreg.2024.009.

MADIANOU, M. Nonhuman humanitarianism: When ‘AI for good’ can be harmful. Information, Communication & Society, v. 24, n. 6, p. 850-868, 2021.

MADIANOU, M. Technocolonialism: Digital innovation and data practices in the humanitarian response to refugee crises. Social Media and Society, v. 5, n. 3, p. 1-13, 2019.

MANYOZO, L. Empathy for the other, a Freirean perspective. In: SUZINA, A. C.; TUFTE, T. (Eds.). Freire and the perseverance of hope. Amsterdam: Institute of Network Cultures, 2022. p. 42-45.

MEDRADO, A.; REGA, I. Media activism, artivism and the fight against marginalisation in the global south: South-to-south communication. London: Routledge, 2023.

MENDEZ, M. G. C.; SANABRIA, J. C. D. Reflexión metodológica sobre la aplicación concreta de la investigación acción participativa (IAP) en contextos rurales del estado de Colima. Estudios sobre las Culturas Contemporáneas Época II, Colima, v. 11, n. 17, 2003.

NOBLE, S. Algoritmos da Opressão (Algorithms of Oppression). Nova Iorque: New York University Press, 2018.

PEDWELL, C. Decolonising empathy: Thinking affect transnationally. Samyukta: A Journal of Gender and Culture, v. 1, n. 1, 2016.

RAHMAN, A. Roots of action research and self-reliance thinking in Rabindranath Tagore. Action Research, v. 4, p. 231-245, 2006.

RICAURTE, P. Ethics for the majority world: AI and the question of violence at scale. Media, Culture & Society, v. 44, n. 4, p. 726-745, 2022.

RUSSELL, S. Human compatible: Artificial intelligence and the problem of control. Londres: Viking, 2019.

SADOWSKI, J. When data is capital: Datafication, accumulation, and extraction. Big Data & Society, v. 6, n. 1, 2019.

SANTOS, B. S. Epistemologias do Sul: Justiça contra o Epistemicídio (Epistemologies of the South: Justice against Epistemicide). Londres e Nova Iorque: Routledge, 2016.

SUZINA, A. C.; TUFTE, T. Freire 's vision of development and social change: Past experiences, present challenges and perspectives for the future. International Communication Gazette, v. 82, n. 5, p. 411-424, 2020.

TAYLOR, L. What is data justice? The case for connecting digital rights and freedoms globally. Big Data & Society, jul-dez, p. 1-14, 2017.

VERDEGEM, P. Introduction: Why we need critical perspectives on AI. In: VERDEGEM, P. (Ed.). AI for everyone? Critical perspectives. Londres: University of Westminster Press, 2021.

VERDEGEM, P. Dismantling AI capitalism: The commons as an alternative to the power concentration of Big Tech. AI & Society, abril, 2022. DOI: doi.org/10.1007/s00146-022-01437-8

VIO GROSSI, F. Peasant participation, adult education, and agrarian reform in Chile. In: HALL, B.; GILLETTE, A.; TANDON, R. (Eds.). Creating knowledge: A monopoly. Nova Deli, Índia: Society for Participatory Research in Asia, 1982. p. 153-174.

WHYTE, W. Participant observer: An autobiography. Ithaca, NY: ILR Press, 1994.

WRÓBLEWSKA, M. N. Research impact evaluation and academic discourse. Humanities and Social Sciences Communications, v. 8, n. 1, 2 mar. 2021. DOI: doi.org/10.1057/s41599-021-00727-8

Downloads

Publicado

2024-05-29

Como Citar

Medrado, A., & Verdegem, P. (2024). Pesquisa-Ação Participativa em Estudos Críticos de Dados: Analisando IA a partir de uma Abordagem Sul-Norte. Mídia E Cotidiano, 18(2), 109-139. https://doi.org/10.22409/rmc.v18i2.63054