CONSTITUTION CONTRE CITOYENNETÉ:
AMBIGUITÉS ET ANTAGONISMES DANS LE CONSTITUTIONNALISME NORD-AMÉRICAIN
DOI :
https://doi.org/10.22409/rcj.v6i15.901Mots-clés :
Constituição e cidadania, Cidadania e direito positivo, Suprema Corte norte-americana.../Keywords, Constitution and citizenship, Citizenship and positive law, U.S. Supreme Court.../Palabras clave, Constitución y ciudadanía, Ciudadanía y derecho positivo..Résumé
Résumé: L'article vise à proposer des éléments de réflexion autour de la relation complexe entre la citoyenneté et la Constitution. Contrairement aux approches juridiques traditionnelles, la présente étude privilégie les ambiguïtés, les tensions et les conflits qui surgissent entre, d'une part, les demandes de garantie et d'élargissement des droits de citoyenneté et, d'autre part, la Constitution. Compte tenu de sa pertinence dans le scénario du constitutionnalisme moderne, il a été décidé de délimiter l'objet de l'enquête à l'expérience constitutionnelle nord-américaine. La proposition de travail a été élaborée en trois étapes. Dans un premier temps, une critique de la perspective juridique de la citoyenneté est proposée, soulignant ses limites face aux revendications sociales et aux conflits pour l'expansion des droits fondamentaux. Ensuite, l'antagonisme possible entre la Constitution et la citoyenneté est mis en évidence. La dernière étape consiste à présenter des aspects de la Constitution des États-Unis qui sont réfractaires à la citoyenneté et un exemple de décisions inéquitables de la Cour suprême des États-Unis, au détriment des citoyens. Malgré sa pertinence, il y a peu de production académique consacrée au problème de l'antagonisme entre la Constitution et la citoyenneté.
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