GRAMSCI AND FREIRE: A DIALOGUE ABOUT THE PHILOSOPHY OF PRAXIS AND LIBERATION

Abstract

The article aims to establish a dialogue between the philosophy of Praxis and the philosophy of liberation. It addresses concerns about the process of transforming oppressed human beings into free subjects. To this end, it establishes relationships between critical reading and human formation from a perspective of integration of the social subject. It deals with freedom in the light of Antonio Gramsci (1891-1937) and Paulo Freire (1921-1997), highlighting aspects between the theoretical views of Marxist thinkers that underlie modern political formation, whose thoughts resulted in important legacies for integral education and contemporary pedagogical practices. It seeks to understand the objects of analysis by Gramsci and Freire, centered on the national realities they address: the workers in Italy, oppressed by fascism and, in the Brazilian case, the “oppressed” marginalized by Brazilian capitalism, whose word and rights are repeatedly hampered because they are part of a peripheral population. It reflects on the obstacles that daily remove the possibility of conscious, critical and free thinking from the violence attributed to this social class. This is a theoretical and qualitative analysis, which understands hegemony as a concept with controversial impacts on the construction of a critical formation for freedom in favor of the struggle for social transformation in the current Brazilian situation.