Interactions Between Solar Activity and Anthropogenic Influences on Earth's Climate

Abstract

This article examines climate variability over the last thousand years, focusing on the Sun's contribution to global warming in recent decades. Through an exploration of historical and practical issues concerning the Sun's influence on the Earth's climate, and an examination of the evidence supporting this theory, the article argues that, while the Sun undoubtedly plays a significant role in climate variability, anthropogenic factors have emerged as the primary drivers of recent global warming. The objectives pursued were: 1) to investigate the Sun's contribution to climate variability over the last millennium, and 2) to evaluate the main drivers of recent global warming. Methodologically, a qualitative approach was adopted to provide a detailed, interpretative analysis of the phenomena and understand these structures. The study concludes that, while the Sun exerts a significant influence on the Earth's climate through various factors, human actions interact synergistically and cumulatively with natural processes to contribute to climate change on the planet.