L' ACCORD ESCAZU 2018:
L'ACTUALITÉ INTRODUITE PAR L'ACCORD POUR UNE DÉMOCRATIE ENVIRONNEMENTALE EN AMÉRIQUE LATINE ET DANS LES CARAÏBES ET L'IMPACT DU COVID-19 SUR LE PROCESSUS DE RATIFICATION
DOI :
https://doi.org/10.22409/rcj.v7i16.943Mots-clés :
Convenção de Aarhus, Acordo de Escazú, Democracia Ambiental, América Latina e Caribe, COVID-19./ Keywords, Aarhus Convention, Escazú Agreement, Environmental Democracy, Latin America and the Caribbean, COVID-19./ Palabras clave, Convención de Aarhus...Résumé
Résumé: Cet article compare la Convention d'Aarhus de la CEE-ONU de 1998 sur l'accès à l'information, la participation du public au processus décisionnel et l'accès à la justice en matière d'environnement, et l'Accord ECLAC Escazú de 2018 sur l'accès à l'information, la participation et la justice en matière d'environnement en Amérique latine et les Caraïbes. Le contexte de l'Accord d'Escazú et le développement de sa négociation sont décrits dans la première partie; la seconde fait suite à une analyse comparative des deux textes, qui illustre la structure des deux conventions, la notion de démocratie et le droit substantiel à un environnement sain. Dans la troisième partie, une analyse des trois piliers reconnus dans les deux documents sera effectuée, en soulignant les similitudes, les différences entre Aarhus et Escazú et les avancées juridiques de l'accord Escazú. Enfin, la situation actuelle sera présentée deux ans après la signature de l'Accord et l'impact de la pandémie Covid19 sur les ratifications des États. Ce texte a été préparé sur la base d'une recherche qualitative, avec un profil théorico-normatif, adoptant le cadre théorique de la démocratie environnementale et utilisant l'analyse documentaire et la revue bibliographique comme techniques de recherche.
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