DEBATES AND TENSIONS ON THE CONTINUITY OF NUCLEAR DISSUASION AND THE FUTURE OF NON-PROLIFERATION REGIME

Abstract

One of the most discussed topics in International Relations is security. The pivotal point in the change of the theme was 1945, with the emergence of nuclear weapons and the onset of the Cold War. Faced with the presence of weapons that could end the world, the international community organized itself to establish global parameters through agreements and conventions. Due to this scenario, the article presents the state of the art of the non-proliferation regime. There is a question about whether the current dynamics strengthen the nuclear non-proliferation regime, and in the face of current challenges, whether the regime can sustain itself or if there are indications of its abandonment. In this way, mainly theses from the neorealist framework of the Theory of International Relations were used to answer the question. The structure of the article is divided into sections: new wars, nuclear deterrence and contradictory practices, militarization of countries, and the future of the regime. It is concluded that the nuclear non-proliferation regime needs to be restructured to be consistent with the current global dynamics. The greatest challenge encountered is the fear that this regime may focus solely on Western powers and not be able to encompass every nation.