DIREITOS HUMANOS E MULTICULTURALISMO

o desafio da conciliação dos direitos humanos em sociedades culturalmente diversas

Abstract

The dilemma that arises between the universal application of human rights and multiculturalism is a widely debated topic in a world scenario influenced by the phenomenon of globalization, a reality that raises debates about the capacity of these precepts to encompass the cultural peculiarities of each people, minimizing the “clash of civilizations” and avoiding the suppression of local culture. In this regard, based on a predominantly bibliographical study, this work seeks to understand the paradox that exists between human rights and cultural plurality, in order to seek a balance between respect and guarantee of multiculturalism and its practices, and the protection of dignity of the human being, preventing human nature from being violated as a result of a cultural manifestation. To this end, it will carry out a study on the history of human rights and the way in which it was disseminated in the global context; will analyze how human rights, loaded with Western ethical and moral values, can cause a clash of civilizations in the face of cultural conflicts and incompatibilities; and will establish a way to protect the inherent dignity of human nature and, at the same time, safeguard the cultural plurality that exists globally. It is concluded that human rights must be constructed from an intercultural dialogue, in order to encompass the peculiarities of different local communities, without, however, preventing the realization of the basic dimension of human dignity, thinking of unity in the plurality of its individual forms.